How to calculate marketing ROI the right way
Most marketing teams calculate ROI wrong. They measure spend vs. leads. But the real question is: how much pipeline and revenue did each dollar produce?
The formula
Marketing ROI = (Revenue attributed to marketing - Marketing cost) / Marketing cost x 100
Simple, but the hard part is attribution. Here's how to do it honestly:
Step 1: Define your attribution model
- First-touch: Credit goes to the channel that first brought the lead. Good for measuring awareness.
- Last-touch: Credit goes to the last interaction before conversion. Good for measuring closing power.
- Multi-touch: Credit is distributed across all touchpoints. Most accurate, hardest to implement.
Step 2: Track by channel
For each channel (paid, organic, email, events, outbound), track: spend, leads generated, MQLs, SQLs, opportunities, closed deals, revenue.
Step 3: Calculate CAC by channel
CAC = Total channel spend / Number of customers acquired from that channel
If your paid ads cost $10K/month and bring 5 customers, your paid CAC is $2,000. If organic brings 8 customers at $3K/month total cost, organic CAC is $375. Now you know where to invest.
Step 4: Factor in LTV
A channel with high CAC but high LTV customers might be your best investment. Calculate LTV:CAC ratio for each channel. Target: 3:1 or better.
Quick benchmarks (B2B SaaS)
- Healthy CAC: $200-$1,500 depending on ACV
- Healthy LTV:CAC: 3:1 to 5:1
- Marketing as % of revenue: 10-20% for growth stage
- Pipeline-to-revenue conversion: 15-25%